Slatted closure structure for window, door and like openings



A. J. TOT! Feb. 6, 1968 SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND Ll'KE OPENINGS 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 5, 1957 Feb. 6, 1968 A. J. Torl 3,367,391

SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS Filed July 5, 1967 a sheets-sheet 2,

INVENTOR #wein/J.' 727'/ rra/PNHG A. J. Torl 3,367,391

DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS Feb. 6, 1968 SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed vJuly 3. 1967 INVENTOR A04/@Psw JI 7'07'/ BY (wm, uw

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A. J. TOTI Feb. 6, 1968 l SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed July 3, 1967 INVENTOR. /vp/eia/ JI 7277-/ BY BW ML" Feb.6,1968 Anon 3,361,391

SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS Filed July 5, 1967 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. #ND/26W J.' 7'07'/ ,7:16-23 MMM A. J. TOTI Feb. 6, 1968 SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS Filed July 5, 1967 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR. fveia/ JI 757-/ .vwiill ilinlllii! A. J. TOTl Feb. 6, 1968 SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS 8 sheets-sheet 7 Filed July 5, 1967 irme/wv@ Feb. 6, 1968 A. J. ToTl 3,367,391

SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS Filed July 3, 1967 8 Sheets-Sheet E INVENTOR. /vaia/ JI 757'/ BY 0/ 95 1 ,Z WWFLMJM rrpe/vi/S United States Patent On ice 3,367,39l Patented Feb. 6, i968 3,367,391 SLATTED CLOSURE STRUCTURE FOR WINDOW, DOOR AND LIKE OPENINGS Andrew J. Toti, 311 W. River Road, Modesto, Calif. 95351 Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 479,531,

Aug. 13, 1965. This application July 3, 1967, Ser.

31 Claims. (Cl. i60-174) ABSTRACT F THE DISCLOSURE A closure blind structure in which a series of slats are linked together for positioning in only a predetermined limited number of angular orientations upon movement of the slats from a retracted position toward an extended position. Linkages are provided between adjacent slats which automatically position the slats in sequence in one preselected orientation in accordance with the orientation imparted to the first slat of the series prior to movement thereof toward an extended position. The linkages positively maintain the slats in a predetermined orientation so long as the slats remain in the extended position.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a continuation-in-part of pending application Ser. No. 479,531, tiled Aug. 13, 1965.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This invention relates to the field of slatted closure structures, and is particularly concerned with a blind structure in which the slats or panels are mounted for movement between retracted and extended positions in an opening to be closed ofi thereby. This invention is particularly effective when incorporated into a traverse type vertical Venetian blind structure.

Description 0f the prior art S-latted blind and related closure structures have been generally known and widely used heretofore. However, such prior known structures, whether of the horizontal slat type or the vertical slat type, have incorpo-rated therein actuating means for positioning the slats in unlimited numbers of orientations, and for altering such orientations, when the slats are in the extended position. Such unlimited slat orientation permissible with heretofore known structures has required complex actuating mechanisms and linkages between adjacent slats. Somewhat characteristic of prior known structures are the structures shown in the patents to Bolard No. 1,858,801, dated May 17, 1932, and Long No. 2,776,708, dated Jan. 8, 1957.

Heretofore, however, no closure blind structure was known, of either the vertical slat or horizontal slat type, in which the slats or panels were mounted for movement between extended and retracted positions and in which the slats were interconnected by specially devised linkage means which permitted orientation of the respective slats in only a preselected limited number of orientations when the slat series is in the extended position. That is, no prior art known discloses slats in a blind type closure structure which are automatically positionable in only a predetermined limited number of positions, and in which the slats are actuated in successive step-by-step fashion so as to be automatically positioned in one preselected orientation chosen therefor in accordance with the orientation imparted to the first slat of the series when such first slat is moved from the retracted position toward the extended position.

The patent to Vecchiarelli et al., No. 3,156,295 dated Nov. 10, 1964, discloses a horizontal slat structure in which the slats are spring urged under all conditions toward a fully closed position, which urging may be selectively overcome by a stop mechanism to permit positioning of the slats in other than the closed position. However, the Veccharelli et al. structure discloses no linkage means between adjacent slats which insures and permits orientation of the successive slats in only a preselected orientation in accordance with the angular orientation imparted to the first slat of the series.

With the slatted structure of this invention, complex operating mechanisms and linkages characteristic of the prior art are eliminated without defeating the valuable function of a slatted closure structure, namely its ability t-o close off entirely a window or door opening in which the structure is mounted, or to selectively allow vision and light therethrough when desired. With the subject arrangement, the user of the disclosed closure structure need only determine which of several predetermined orientations he desires for the slats of the structure; then, by locating the rst s-lat of the series in the general orientation chosen while the slat series is in the retracted position, he need only effect movement of the first slat of the series, which movement automatically and positively positions all successive slats of the series in the preselected orientation corresponding to that chosen for the first slat of the series.

So long as the slats remain in the extended position, the linkage means interconnecting the respective slats precludes reorientation thereof unless the slats are first returned to the retracted position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a slatted closure structure of which a Venetian blind construction is illustrative. More particularly, this invention relates to an extensible and retractable type blind construction to be mounted in a window, door or like opening in a building for traverse type movement therein between a folded or retracted position, in which the blind slats or panels are gathered together in a compact pack so that such opening is unobstructed thereby, and an extended position, in which the slats or panels are unfolded and extend across such opening.

Sti-ll more particularly, this invention relates to a traverse type blind construction in which the blind slats, when in an extended position, are located in a preselected angular orientation relative to a reference axis or plane, which orientation is selected at the time the slats are in a retracted position. The blind construction of this invention includes as an important part thereof simple means for automatically and uniformly positioning the respective slats in a preselected one of several predetermined angular orientations when said slats are traversed from a retracted position toward an extended position.

In this regard, the series of slats which make up the blind of this invention are responsive to the angular orientation imparted to a first slat of the series when .the slat series is in the retracted position. That is, the orientation of the first slat of the series determines the manner in which the slat positioning means of the blind actuates the other slats of the series and the angular orientation imparted thereto when the slats are traversed to an extended position. In this connection, by actuating a first slat of the series, the successive slats are automatically positioned in a preselected angular orientation which corresponds to the angular orientation imparted to the first slat when the Slat series is in a retracted position.

The present invention may be embodied, and is very Well suited for use in, a traverse type vertical Venetian blind construction employing one series of slats, or more than one series of slats, positionable adjacent the side frame members of the casing of a window, door or like building opening when retracted, or extended across such opening between the frame members thereof. While hereinafter reference is directed primarily to a blind which includes a single slat series traversable from one side frame member of a casing toward the other, this invention is equally well suited for use in conjunction with a blind in which two separate slats series are extensible towards each other from opposite side frame members of such a casing.

Contrary to the constructions employed with many presently available types of vertical and horizontal blinds, the subject blind does not require or employ a bottom or side guide track member for the lower or side extremities of the individual slats. Such guide tracks are generally undesirable because of the unattractive appearance presented thereby, particularly when the blind is in the retracted position, and because of the cleanliness problem presented thereby in that accumulation of dust and dirt in and around such a track is difficult to prevent even by the most fastidious housekeeper or janitor. Heretofore such guide tracks were widely employed to impart stability to blinds, and resistance to sway to vertical slats, when the blinds are in the extended position. With the subject invention, slat stability and resistance to sway is provided by the positioning means described in detail hereinafter.

Furthermore, contrary to the constructions employed with many presently available types of vertical blinds, the subject blind does not employ complicated overhead traverse cord and slat rotating mechanisms. Nor are cornplex draw or rotation mechanisms of the type employed in prior horizontal blinds required. Such known mechanisms are unnecessary in the subject blind because traverse movement and slat orientation is effected upon actuation of the slat positioning means hereof by the first slat of the series in a predetermined manner. The slat positioning means limits to a predetermined number the various angular orientations in which the respective slats may be located when extended, and insures that a preselected angular orientation imparted to the slats is positively maintained so long as the slats remain in the extended position. The positioning means precludes alteration or modification of the angular orientation in which the slat series is located when extended. To modify such angular orientation it is necessary to first return the slat series to a retracted position, then select a different angular orientation while the slats are retracted, and then retraverse the slats to the extended position to produce the modified angular orientation selected.

The angular orientation desired for the slat series is preselected while the slats series is in the retracted position by rotating the first slat of the series about its axis to the orienattion desired for the slat series, and by then moving the first slat toward the extended position. The positioning means which interconnects the respective slats of the series responds to the angular orientation and tra-verse movement imparted to the first slat to automatically and sequentially position all successive slats of the series in the preselected angular orientation chosen. All successive slats of the series follow in step-by-step sequential fashion from the retracted position to the extended position in response to traverse movement of the first sla-t. In this regard, in a vertical blind which employs a single series of slats as shown in the attached drawings, the first slat of the series may be the slat which defines either the left hand margin or the right hand margin of `the slat series because the slats of such a blind may be traversed either from right to left, or left to right, in the building opening in which the blind is mounted.

While the blind of this invention has been designed to permit location of its slats in only a limited number of predetermined angular orientations when extended,

such angular orientations have been selected to meet the most common requirements for a Venetian blind type closure structure. In this regard, in one embodiment illustrated herein one such orientation permits the slats when extended to be fully closed so that edges of adjacent slats partially overlap to thereby restrict passage of most light and all vision therebetween; another angular Orientation permits the slats when extended to be only partially closed so that edges of adjacent slats are free of overlap so that light passage and vision through the slat series is only partially restricted, yet so that direct sunlight and glare may be precluded. Another embodiment illustrated herein permits a third angular orientation in which the slats when extended are fully opened so that vision and light travel therebetween is substantially unobstructed.

In this connection, while the embodiments of the positioning means employed with the blinds illustrated herein permit only two predetermined angular orientations or three predetermined angular orientations, depending upon the construction of the positioning means chosen, it is within the purview of this invention that slat series positionable in more than three predetermined angular orientations may be provided upon modification of the positioning means disclosed herein Within the scope of this invention. However, in that event, the number of angular orientations permitted will still be predetermined in accordance with the particular construction of the positioning means of this invention, rather than by the use of complex slat rotating mechanisms of the type heretofore employed which permit slat orientation in an infinite number of positions. Such slat rotating mechanisms are not desired or included in this invention because of their complex nature and relatively high expense when compared with the simple positioning means of this invention.

Complex and expensive slat rotating mechanisms of the type known heretofore which permit unlimited numbers of angular slat orientations have been found unnecessary because the limited number of predetermined angular orientations permitted by lthe positioning means of this invention is adequate to meet all light and vision problems to which Venetian blind type closure structures normally tare subjected. Also, the subject positioning Ameans maintains the slats securely in the angular orientation chosen so that slat chatter and lateral sway when the slats are extended is substantially if n'ot completely eliminated.

Maintenance of the predetermined orientation selected for the slats is accomplished by interconnecting linkage structures of the positioning means, as described hereinafter in detail, which permit traverse movement of adjacent slats toward and away from each other but which lbrace such adjacent slats 'against rotative movement rela- -tive to each other when the slats are moved to the ex- 'tend-ed position. This bracing effect is produced by such interconnecting linkage structures which cooperate with each other to define a generally rigid assembly when the series of slats is extended, las descnibed more fully hereinafter with respect to the various species of the invention disclosed herein.

From the foregoing it should be understood that objects of this invention include the provision of an improved sirnple and linexpensive Venetian blind type closure structure; the provision of a slatted blind structure which includes means for positively positioning the slats thereof in a preselected one of a number of predetermined angular orientations when the slats are traversed to an extended posit-ion in a window, door or like building opening; the provision of a blind `structure which eliminates complex traverse cord and slat rotating mech- |anisms from its construction; the provision of -a blind structure lin which a series of blind slats is actuated in, positive step-by-step chain reaction fashion in response to actuation of a first slat of the series; the provision of la blind structure in which the angular orientation of the blind slats when in the extended position is determined at the time the slat series is in the .retracted position in accordance with the angular orientation imparted to the iirst Slat of the servies as movement is initiated; and the provision of a vertical Venetian blind construction in which the respective vertical slats are selectively and sequentially located in a preselected lone of a limited nurnber of predetermined angular orientations in accordance with tnaver'se movement of a first slat of the structure.

These and other objects of this invention will become apparent to one skilled in the art from a study of the following description, reference being directed to the ac- 'companying drawings in which several embodiments of the invention are illustrated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a vertical Venetian Iblind embodying the subject invention mounted in and traversed across a window opening to its extended position with the slats thereof in the fully closed orientation.

FIG. 2 is a lfront elevational view similar to FIG. l showing the slat ser-ies in a retracted position compacted against one side frame member portion of the casing of the window opening.

FIG. 3 is a ventical sectional View taken in the plane of line 3 3 of FIG. 2 showing details of the supporting means employalble for mounting the blind slats for traverse movement in the window opening.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken in the plane of line 4-4 of FIG. 3 showing further details of the slat supporting means.

FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are generally schematic top plan views of the series of blind slats showing various predetermined angular orientations in which the slats are locatalble when in the extended position.

FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view taken in the plane of line 8-8 of FIG. 2 illus'tnating details of a -rst ern- |bodiment of the blind construction shown in the retracted position.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view taken in the plane of line 9-9 of FIG. 8 illustrating details of the positioning means employed in the rst embodiment.

F-IG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view taken in the plane of line y10-10 of FIG. l showing details of the first embodiment when the same is in the extended position with the slats thereof in the fully closed orientation.

FIG. l'l is a horizontal sectional view corresponding generally to FIG. 10 but showing the slats of the blind in the partially closed orientation.

FIG. 12 is a front elevational view lof the first embodiment showing the slats in the partially closed orientation of FIG. 11.

lFIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of a second em- |bodiment of the blind construction showing the same in the retracted position.

iFIG. 14 is a vertical sectional view of the second ernbodiment t-aken in the plane of line 14-414 of FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a horizontal sectional view of the second embodiment showing the same in the fully extended position with the slats in a fully -opened orientation.

FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional view of the second ern- |bodiment taken in the plane o-f line 16-1=6 of FIG. 15.

FIGS. 17 and 18 are ho-rizontal sectional and cut-away front elevational views, respectively, of the second ern- Ibodimen-t showing the same in the extended position with the slats in a partially closed orientation.

FIG. 19 is a horizontal section-al view of the second ernlbodiment .showing the same lin Ithe extended position with the slats in a fully closed orientation.

FIG. 2O is a horizontal sectional View of a third embodiment of the lblind construction showing the same in the extended position With the slats thereof in the fully opened Iorient-ation.

FIG. 21 is a vertical sectional view of the third embodiment taken in the plane of line 21-21 of FIG. 20.

FIG. 22 is a plan view of a portion of the slat positioning means employed in the third embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a vertical sectional view through the portion of the slat positioning means taken in the plane of line 2323 of FIG. 22..

FIG. 24 is a vertical sectional View corresponding generally to FIG. 21 but showing the third embodiment in the fully retracted position.

FIG. 25 is a horizontal sectional view of the third embodiment showing the same in the extended position with the slats in a partially closed orientation.

FIG. 26 is a horizontal sectional view corresponding generally to FIG. 25 showing the slats of the third ernbodiment in a fully closed orientation.

FIG. 27 is a horizontal sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the blind construction showing the same in the extended position with the slats thereof in a fully opened orientation.

FIG. 28 is a vertical sectional view of the fourth embodiment taken in the plane of line 28-28 of FIG. 27.

FIG. 29 is a sectional view of a portion of the slat positioning means employed in the fourth embodiment taken in the plane of line 29-29 of FIG. 28.

FIG. 30 is a horizontal sectional view of the fourth embodiment showing the same in a retracted position.

FIG. 31 is a horizontal sectional view of the fourth embodiment taken in the plane of line 3131 of FIG. 30.

FIG. 32 is a horizontal sectional view of the fourth embodi-ment showing the same in the extended position with the slats thereof in a partially closed orientation.

FIG. 33 is a horizontal sectional view corresponding generally to FIG. 32 but showing the slats in a fully closed orientation.

FIG. 34 is a horizontal sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the blind construction showing the same in the retracted position.

FIG. 35 is a vertical sectional view of the fifth ernbodiment taken in the plane of line 35-35 of FIG. 34.

FIG. 36 is a horizontal sectional View of the fifth embodiment showing the same in the extended position with the slats in the partially closed orientation.

FIG. 37 is a horizontal sectional View corresponding generally to FIG. 36 but showing the slats in the fully closed orientation.

FIG. 38 is a front elevational view of the fifth embodiment showing the Same in the extended position with the slats in the partially closed orientation corresponding to FIG. 36.

FIG. 39 is a front elevational view of the fifth ernbodiment showing the same in the extended position with the slats in the fully closed orientation corresponding to FIG. 37.

FIG. 40 is a plan view on an enlarged scale showing the positioning means of the fth embodiment interposed between adjacent slats thereof.

FIG. 41 is a vertical sectional view through the positioning means taken in the plane of line 41-41 of FIG. 40.

FIG. 42 is a front elevational view of the positioning Imeans looking in the direction of line 42-42 of FIG. 41.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Before describing details of construction of the various embodiments of this invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, reference is rst directed to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7. The series of slats 1 of the subject blind construction are designed to be actuated manually during traverse movement by grasping and moving the rst Slat 1 of the series from the retracted position shown in FIG. 2 to the extended position shown in FIG. l, and vice versa. As will be described hereinafter, the angular orientation desired for the respective slats of the series when extended is determined at the time the slats are in the retracted position in accordance with the angular orientation imparted to the first slat 1 when traverse movement is initiated. Only a predetermined number of orientations are permitted in accordance with the construction of the positioning means employed with a given series of slats.

The positioning means actuates and locates the respective slats in successive step-by-step chain reaction fashion in direct accord with the angular orientation preselected and imparted to the first slat of the series when in the retracted position and in response to movement of the first slat to the extended position. Thus, if it is desired to have the slats oriented in the fully closed position when extended (that is, with the planes of the slats extending generally parallel to the transverse window axis along which the slat series is movable during traverse movement, see FIG. the longitudinal edge of the first slat indicated by the arrow in FIG. 5 is grasped and pulled. This Orients such first slat generally in the fully closed orientation and all successive slats are automatically oriented in a corresponding orientation by the slat positioning means, as seen in FIG. 5, when the first slat is traversed.

If it is desired to orient the slats in a partially closed position (that is, with the planes of the slats extending at a predetermined angle, such as 45, relative to the transverse window axis along which the slats are traversable, see F'IG. 7), the opposite longitudinal edge of the rst slat indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7 is grasped and pulled. This orients the first slat generally in the partially closed orientation which results in the positioning means automatically locating each of the successive slats in a corresponding orientation.

In those embodiments of blind construction which permit a fully opened slat orientation, (that is, with the planes of the slats extending generally normal to the transverse window axis, see FIG. 6), the rst slat of the series when traversed is maintained generally in the same orientation in which the slats are located when in the retracted position. That is, as seen in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, when the slats are retracted their planes extend generally normal to the plane of the transverse window axis. By maintaining that orientation in the first slat when the same is traversed, as seen in FIG. 6, each succeeding slat follows in similar orientation and is retained therein by the slat positioning means.

Thus, it should be understood that if the user of the blind construction desires to completely close off a Window opening, he grasps and pulls one edge of the first slat of the series to the extended position; if he desires to only partially close off a window opening, he grasps and pulls the other edge of the first slat; if he desires to locate the blind in the extended position without closing off the window opening to any appreciable degree, he grasps the first slat and retains its orientation when retracted during traverse movement thereof to the extended position.

It is an important feature of this invention that when the slat series is located in a given preselected angular orientation when extended, such preselected orientation is positively maintained by the slat positioning means so long as the slat series remains in the extended position. That is, the positioning means, which may take various and varied forms as disclosed hereinafter, includes a series of interconnecting linkage structures which are interposed between adjacent pairs of slats of the blind and operatively interconnected the same. Such structures are designed to permit relatively free movement of adjacent slots toward and away from each other in a traverse direction of movement. However, such structures are designed to positively preclude relative rotation between adjacent slats when such slats are moved to the extended position. Such rotation prevention is accomplished by the linkage structures cooperating with the respective slats between which they are interposed to provide a generally rigid brace which effectively locks together such adjacent slats. Rotation prevention is further enhanced because all slats of the series are similarly braced against rotation when the slat series is extended, thereby to cooperate with each other in defining a generally rigid interconnected assembly. To modify the angular orientation of the slat series of the subject blind construction when extended, it. is first necessary to return the slat series to a retracted position, then to reorient the first slat of the series in a different desired orientation, and then to again traverse the slat series to the extended position. The slat positioning means also minimizes or eliminates slat chatter and. lateral sway when the slat series is subjected to air currents when in the extended position.

The exact manner in which the positioning means performs its intended slat orienting and bracing functions is described with respect to, and will become evident from, a study of each of the detailed disclosures of the respective species of this invention discussed hereinafter.

Reference is now directed to FIGS. 3 and 4, taken in conjunction with FIGS. l and 2, which illustrate one embodiment of means which may be employed for supporting the blind for traverse movement in a building opening, such as a window opening 2 defined by a rectangular window casing 3 of any conventional construction. Extending across the top frame member of the window casing as seen in FIG. 3 is a decorative valance 4 between the opposite side rails 6 of which is mounted a supporting track 7 which extends the full transverse distance across the window opening. Screws 8 located at spaced positions along the length of the track secure the track firmly in place. The longitudinal axis of track 7 defines the transverse axis of the window opening along which the respective slats of the blind construction are moved when traversed. It is this transverse axis which provides a plane of reference to which the angular orientation of the respective slats is related when the slats are in the extended position as mentioned previously.

Each slat of the series is supported in the track 7 by a supporting slide or roller member 9 movably received in the track. Depending from each supporting member 9 is a pivot pin 11 which secures an angled mounting bracket 12 to the supporting member. Each mounting bracket 12 in turn is secured by a suitable connecting pin 13 to an associated slat via an opening in the slat provided in line with the slat axis closely adjacent the top thereof. Thus each slat of the blind series is securely supported for traverse movement in response to actuation of the first slat of the series yet each such slat may pivot individually about its axis on its associated pivot pin 11 to the preselected angular orientation chosen therefor in accordance with the manner of movement of the first slat of the series. The various components of the slat supporting means just described may be formed from suitable plastics or metals commonly employed in Venetian blind constructions.

Because Venetian blind slats commonly are made from relatively thin and generally flexible material, such as sheet metal or plastic, preferably the first slat 1 of the series is provided with means to facilitate grasping thereof during traverse movement. Such grasping means in the illustrated embodiment comprises an elongated handle structure, generally designated 16, extending along each longitudinal edge of the first slat, preferably for the full length thereof as best seen in FIGS. l and 8.

Each handle structure 16 straddles its associated longitudinal slat edge and is secured along such edge by a series of headed pins 17 which extend through the opposing portions of the handle and through the associated slat adjacent its edge. The material from which the handles are formed preferably is of the same metal or plastic material from which the slats are formed so that the handles blend in with the slat series and are generally harmonious with the overall appearance of the blind. The handles, in addition to providing means to facilitate grasping of the first slat of the series, strengthen and reinforce the first slat and impart additional rigidity thereto to resist stresses applied thereto during traverse move- 9 ment ofthe blind. Of course, if the slats are formed from a rigid material, handle structures need not be employed.

As seen in FIG. l, the first slat 1' at each of the opposite ends of the slat series is provided with graspable handles 16 because the slat series shown in such figure may be traversed from right to left, or from left to right, as may be desired. In this regard, although not necessary, releasable means (not shown) may be provided in conjunction with each of the opposite side frame members 3 of window casing 3 to maintain an adjacent first slat of the series attached to such side frame member when the blind is traversed with its opposing first slat leading.

The graspable handle structures 16 have been illustrated in the drawings only in conjunction with a first embodiment of the blind shown in FIGS. 8-12. It should be understood, however, that similar constructions also may be employed in conjunction with the other embodiments illustrated also as required.

In the blind embodiments to be described, only several adjacent slats and portions of the positioning means cooperating therewith have been illustrated for purposes of clarity. But it should be understood that the positioning means employed with each blind embodiment is located between and interconnects each adjacent pair of slats of the entire series. Similarly, in FIG. 1, positioning means have been illustrated in two runs adjacent the upper and lower ends of the slats. Depending upon the size of the blind, only one run adjacent the lower ends of the slats may sufiice, or more than two runs of positioning means may be required.

F rst embodiment-F I GS. 8-12 Reference is now directed to the first blind embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-12. The positioning means which interconnects adjacent slats of this embodiment and which insures and maintains location of the respective slats in a preselected angular orientation in response to traverse movement of the first Slat of the series comprises a series of link structures which are mounted between the respective adjacent slats of the series. Each link structure includes a movable linkage which is connected by mounting structure with the respective slats of an associated pair of slats between which such linkage is positioned.

The linkage comprises, as seen in FIGS. 9, 11 and 12, a pair of scissors links 21 and 22 respectively. These links are overlapped adjacent one of their ends and are pivotally interconnected with each other `by means of a headed pin 23 which projects from link 21 through an opening provided in link 22. To limit the angle at which the links may extend relative to each other when the slat series is in the fully extended position, stop means in the form of a projecting shoulder '24 is provided on link 22. Shoulder 24 engages a marginal edge of link 21 (as seen in FIGS. 10, 1l and l2) when the slats are in either of their predetermined angular orientations when in the fully extended position. It should be understood that stop shoulder 24 does not interfere with pivotal movement of link 22 relative to link 21 in either the clockwise or counterclockwise direction from the position seen in FIG. 9 so that the slats may be readily positioned in either of the extended positions shown in FIG. or 11. It is stop shoulder 24 which limits the distance adjacent slats of the series may be spaced from each other in accordance with the predetermined dimensions of the slats of the series. As it is seen in FIGS. 10 and 11, when links 21 and 22 are extended when the slats between which they are positioned are extended, such links cooperate with each other to dene, in effect, a single rigid link or brace.

It should be noted that the links 21 and 22 are mounted between adjacent slats in inverted V fashion. Thus the weight of the links assists in maintaining the slats spaced from each other in the angular orientation selected. This link mounting arrangement thereby resists unintentional movement of individual slats toward the retracted position.

At their lower ends, each of the links 21 and 22 is movably connected with an associated slat by mounting structure provided for that purpose. In the embodiment illustrated, such mounting structure comprises slotted tabs 26 and 27 struck directly from the slats in spaced vertical relationship, as best seen in FIGS. l1 and 12. All slats except the first slat of the series include two such tabs for each run of the positioning means. Such tabs are provided generally along the longitudinal axes thereof which project in opposite directions therefrom. The first slat of the series requires only one such tab.

Tabs 26 are all struck to extend in one direction from the slats, while tabs 27 are all struck to extend in an opposite direction therefrom. The linkage defined by links 21 and 22 extends between each adjacent vertically aligned pair of tabs 26 and 27 of adjacent slats. As seen in FIG. 12, tabs 26 and 27 of each slat are vertically staggered relative to each other so that the linkages between adjacent pairs of slats may be aligned with each other when the slats are in the retracted position shown in FIG. 8. In this regard, each pair of tabs 26 and 27 cooperate to receive a linkage therebetween in compact relationship so that the slat series whenretracted may form an extremely compact pack as seen in FIG. 2.

Each of links 21 and 22 is secured to its associated tab by means of a headed pivot pin 28 which extends through an aperture provided in the end of the link and through an elongated slot 29 provided in the associated tab. The links and connecting pins employed therewith may be formed from any suitable material, such as a rigid sturdy plastic or a relatively light weight metal such as aluminum.

Tabs 26 and 27 as seen in FIGS. 10 and 11 extend from their associated slats at a predetermined angle relative to the plane thereof. Such tabs thereby define angular guide members which cooperate with an associated linkage in positively establishing the angular relationship between such linkage when extended and each pair of slats interconnected thereby. It is the angle at which the tabs project which determines the angular orientation of the respective slats relative to the transverse axis of the window opening when the slats are extended to the partially closed orientation shown in FIG. 1l. In such orientation, the slats extend generally at a 45 angle relative to the transverse axis of the window opening because the tabs extend generally at a 45 angle relative to the plane of their associated slat.

When the slats are in the fully closed orientation of FIG. 10, it will be noted that the plane of the linkage between adjacent slats lies generally parallel to the plane of the slats, thereby permitting the edges of adjacent slats to overlap to provide the fully closed orientation desired. Such overlapping is permitted 'by the fact that the ends of the slots 29, in which the heads of pins 28 are slidable, terminate generally in the plane of the respective slats. Thus the slats in the fully closed orientation shown lie generally parallel to the plane of the transverse axis of the window opening.

In this regard, it should be noted that the linkage interconnecting each pair of slats lies generally in line with the transverse window axis when the slats are fully extended as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The respective linkages and tabs restrict movement of the slats from the extended orientation shown because of the interconnection of adjacent slats with each other by such linkages. Thus to change the angular orientation, it is first necessary to return the slats to a retracted position as previously mentioned.

Rotation of the individual slats while the slat series is in either of the predetermined angular orientations shown in FIGS. l() and 11 is prevented by cooperation of the linkages between adjacent slats. As noted previously, when the linkages are in the extended position,

they define a series of generally rigid braces all of which lie generally in line with each other, as seen in FIG. ll. Thus, rotation of an individual slat is positively resisted by the slats on opposite sides thereof which are operatively interconnected therewith by the linkages positioned therebetween.

Relative rotation is resisted even between two slats by the engagement of the links with the outer surfaces of the respective tabs 26 and 27 (FIG. 1l) or with the surfaces of the slats themselves (FIG. Even when a given slat is collapsed, by traverse movement against its neighboring slat, individual slat rotation is still resisted until all slats are collapsed together, at which time the series of slats may be rotated, at least to some extent, generally in unison, as a group. By manufacturing the components of the respective linkage structures to close tolerances, even slight relative rotation between adjacent slats when the slats are in the extended position may be obviated.

It should be understood that the angle at which the slats extend relative to the transverse window axis when in the partially closed orientation (FIGS. l1 and l2) may vary depending upon the angle imparted to the tabs with respect to the planes of the slats. That is, if it is desired that the slats when fully extended and located in the partially closed orientation should have an angular orientation different from the 45 orientation shown in the drawings, the tabs 26 and 27 need only be formed when the blind is manufactured to extend to some other acute angle desired relative to the plane of their respective slats.

Considering the first blind embodiment shown in FIGS. 8-12 in conjunction with the schematic showings of FIGS. 5 and 7, it should be understood that location of the slats in the extended partially closed orientation shown in FIGS. ll and l2 in which adjacent edges of adjacent slats are spaced from each other may be obtained merely by grasping 4and pulling on one longitudinal edge of the first slat 1 in the direction of the arrow seen in FIG. 7. This action automatically rotates the first slat about its axis toward the orientation desired. Such rotation of the first slat initiates rotation of all other slats of the series because 'all slats when in the retracted position are grouped together in a compact pack, as seen in FIG. 8. Thus, when traverse movement of the first slat of the series is initiated, the remaining slats of the series have already been rotated, at least to some extent, toward the orientation selected therefor. It is this initial partial rotation of the slats toward the desired orientation which initiates and insures the chain reaction of the linkage t structures on the respective slats of the series. Because the linkages permit the slats to be located in only a generally parallel relationship relative to each other,

proper orientation is automatically insured by the linkages in step-by-step fashion as each successive slat is moved towards its extended position. That is, upon traverse movement of the first slat, the successive slats are traversed and rotated fully lautomatically by the linkages and mounting tabs in succession to sequentially locate each slat in the orientation predetermined by the angle of projection of the tabs. In this regard, it should be noted that the pins 28 which pivotally connect each link with a tab have traveled to the outer ends of the slots 29 in the respective tabs so that the links lie flush against the outer guide surfaces of their associated tabs. See FIGS. 11 and 12.

If it is desired to position the slats in the fully closed angular orientation shown in FIG. l0, it is merely necessary to grasp and pull the opposite longitudinal edge of the first slat 1 of the series in the direction of the arrow seen in FIG. 5. This action automatically produces at least partial rotation of all slats toward the fully closed orientation desired so that the subsequent traverse movement of the first Slat produces a chain reaction similar to but generally opposite from that described previously with respect to FIGS. ll and 12. In this regard, as the first slat is rotated in the opposite direction about its vertical axis, it causes rotation of the successive slats, which rotation thereby draws the links of successive slats away from their associated mounting tabs. This results in the pivot pins 28 traveling to the inner ends of the tab slots 29 so that the links when extended may lie generally in the same plane as the planes of the slats. Thus the slats my be oriented to lie generally parallel to the transverse window laxis so that the edges of adjacent slats may overlap as seen in FIG. 10.

As noted previously, once the slats are positioned in either of the preselected angular orientations described when fully extended, rotation of the slats in unison, or individually, is positively precluded because the linkages between all slats work together to define, in effect, an operatively continuous series of braces 'all of which are effectively tied together in a single operative assembly. Thus, to change the orientation of the slat series, or any individual slat, it is first necessary to collapse the slat series to the retracted position, in which position it is possible to rotate the slats as a group, 4as described previously, by altering the orientation of the first slat of the series.

Because the link structures of the positioning means shown in FIGS. 8-12 embodiment of this invention permit orientational movement in only two directions, that embodiment of the blind construction is capable of only the two position angular orientation shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, namely, the fully closed orientation and the partially closed orientation of about 45, or some other suitable preselected angle.

Certain other embodiments of this invention described hereinafter employ positioning means which permits at least one additional predetermined angular orientation when the slat series is fully extended, namely, the fully opened orientation shown schematically in FIG. 6 in which each slat extends generally normal to the transverse axis of the window opening. This third orientation is obtainable because of modified details of construction in the link structures employed in the other embodiments.

Second embodiment-FIGS. 13-19 Referring now to FIGS. 13 through 19, a second embodiment of the blind construction is shown in which the slats may be located in three predetermined angular orientations when in the extended position.

Each of the series of link structures of the second ernbodiment includes a linkage defined by a single link 36 having a predetermined angle of longitudinal twist imparted thereto, as perhaps best seen in FIGS. 16, 17 'and 19. Link 36 has a longitudinalslot 37 formed therein which extends for the major portion of the length thereof and which is cooperable with the mounting structure which secures the link to one of the slats of the adjacent pair of slats between which the link is positioned as will be described.

At one end 38 thereof link 36 is provided with mounting structure defined by a bent margin 39 which extends through a circular aperture 41 provided in an associated slat. Thus, the link is pivotally connected at one of its ends to such slat but is precluded fromI separation therefrom by the bent margin 39 located on one side of the slat and a pair of stop shoulders 42 located on the opposite side of the slat. The bent margin 39 and shoulders 4Z have a reduced dimension connecting neck 43 located therebetween which is located in the slat opening 41.

Link 36 is connected with the other slat of the pair of slats between which it is positioned by other mounting structure comprising an angular guide member 44 defined by a generally L-shaped body when viewed in vertical section (note FIG. 14). One leg 45 of the guide member is provided with a tab portion d6 which is received through an aperture 4'7 in the associated slat. Tab portion 46 defines one end of a reduced neck portion 48 by means of which the tab portion is connected with the main portion of leg 45 of the angular guide member. Limited hinge type movement is permitted between the guide member and its associated slat in the manner noted by comparing FIGS. 14 and 16. The other leg 51 of the angular guide member has a headed mounting pin 49 projecting therefrom into and through the slot 37 provided in link 36. Thus, link 36 is slidably movable relative to the angular guide member yet is precluded from separation therefrom by the headed pin 49.

As perhaps best seen in FIG. 17, leg 51 from which the mounting pin 49 projects defines an angular guide surface which extends at a predetermined angle relative to the plane of the slat to which the guide member 44 is attached. It is this angular guide surface which establishes the predetermined partially closed angular orientation of the slat series when the slats are located in the extended position. In the embodiment illustrated, approximately a 45 angle is .defined by the guide surface relative to its associated slat.

As with the first embodiment of this invention described previously, referring to FIGS. and 19, if it is desired to locate the slats in the fully closed orientation when the slat series is extended, one edge of the first slat 1 is grasped, rotated and pulled in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5. This initial rotation of the first slat causes partial initial rotation of all slats of the series toward the orientation desired. Such initial change in orientation results in each successive Slat being rotated fully and traversed in sequence in accordance with continued rotation and traversal of the first slat with the respective links 36 sliding over their respective mounting pins 49 until each pin in sequence reaches the end of its associated slot 37 as shown in FIG. 19. To obtain this condition, referring to FIG. 13 wherein the slats are shown in the retracted position, the edge of slat I' lying towards the bottom of that figure is grasped and traversed as described. As noted in FIG. 19, the longitudinal twist in each link 36 counteracts the angle imparted to the guide surface of leg 51 of the guide member so that edges of adjacent slats may be moved into close overlapping relationship characteristic of the fully closed orientation.

Referring to FIGS. 7, 13, 14 and 16, when it is desired to locate the slats in the partially closed orientation the opposite edge of the first Slat l of the series, namely, the edge lying at the top of FIG. 13, is grasped and pulled. This rotates the first slat in an opposite direction from that described above and causes partial rotation of all slats of the series so that each succeeding slat will be fully rotated and traversed in sequence in direct response to actuation of the first slat. However, in this connection, the angled guide surface of leg 51 of each angular guide member 44 positively limits the angle at which a link 36 may extend relative to the guide member and thereby automatically positions such link to in turn determine the angular orientation of its associated slats as seen in FIGS. 17 and 18.

Referring now to FIGS. 13 through 16, the connecting means of this second embodiment also permits the slats to be oriented in a third angular orientation, nam-ely one in which the respective slats extend generally normal to the transverse axis of the window opening as seen in FIG. 6. Such angular orientation is obtained merely by withdrawing the first slat 1 of the series from the retracted position while maintaining the orientation which such first slat has when in the retracted position. In this regard, when the slat series is retracted, each slat thereof extends generally normal to the transverse window opening axis as seen in FIG. 13. As seen in FIG. 6, if this normal position is maintained during initial traverse movement of first slat 1', each succeeding slat will be similarly oriented. The longitudinal twist imparted to each link 36 also comes into play in this angular orientation in that it counteracts the angle of the guide surface of leg 51 of the mounting guide member 44 so that the successive links may be positioned to extend generally normal relative to the planes of its associated slats as seen in FIG. l5. The longitudinal twist imparted to the link prevents binding of the link on the mounting pin 49 of the angled guide member 44 which would result in the absence of such twist, thereby insuring smooth traverse movement of the slats between the retracted and extended positions. It should be understood that the components of the positioning means are connected with each other with sufiicient looseness to permit easy and smooth traverse movement of the slats and yet with sufficient tightness to preclude unnecessary play and chatter therebetween.

.Third embodiment-FIGS. 20426 A third embodiment of this invention is illustrated in FIGS. 20 through 26. This embodiment also permits three predetermined angular orientations of the slats when in the extended position. The positioning means of this embodiment comprises a series of link structures each of which includes a linkage defined by a single link 60 which has oppositely directed bent shoulders 61 and 62 at opposite ends thereof as best seen in FIG. 21. These shoulders limit the amount of longitudinal movement of link 6) relative to the mounting structures of the positioning means by which the link is movably connected with the pair of slats between which it is located.

Each mounting structure, as seen in FIG. 22, comprises a crescent shaped angular guide member 63 having a semicircular cut out 65 therein. The guide members which secure each link between a pair of slats are identical in construction but are oppositely oriented on the respective slats as best seen in FIGS. 20 and 25.

Each guide member 63 is formed from a generally circular single piece of sheet metal or plastic, having a circular hole therein, which is folded upon itself along a fold line 64 (FIG. 22) to form a two-ply member having a slot 66 between the plies thereof (FIG. 23) through which an associated end of link 60 extends and in which such link end is slidable. The angular guide member is provided with a stop shoulder 67 spaced inwardly from one end thereof which closes off slot 66 of the guide member along one edge thereof. Thus, as shown in dotted lines to the left of FIG. 22, when link 60 strikes shoulder 67 further movement of the link, and a slat associated therewith, is positively restricted. However, slot 66 at the other end of the guide member is not provided with such a stop shoulder so that the link may move fully around the slot to the dotted line position shown to the right of FIG. 22.

Each angular guide member 63 of the mounting means is provided with a pair of opposed notches 68 adjacent fold line 64 which define reduced dimensioned neck portions, which provide shoulders 69, received through appropriately spaced openings 71 in a slat as perhaps best seen in FIG. 25.

Referring now to FIG. 24, when the slat series is in the retracted position, each link 60 moves within each of its associated angular guide members 63 to the retracted position shown, namely, the dotted line position shown in the middle of FIG. 22. However, when it is desired to position the slats in the fully open orientation in the extended position, it is merely necessary to maintain the first slat 1 of the series normal to the transverse axis of the window opening in which the slat series is mounted so that each link 60 slides within its associated angular guide members 63 until the respective bent shoulders 61 and 62 engage the inner periphery of the cut out 65 of the guide members, as shown in the solid line position in FIG. 22. Preferably the opposing plies of the mounting guide members exert sufficient frictional force on the links 60, without interfering with smooth blind traverse motion, so that the links are maintained in the position selected therefor.

When it is desired to locate the slat series in the fully closed orientation shown in FIG. 26, it is merely necessary to grasp the longitudinal edge of the first slat of the series indicated by the arrow of FIG. 5 and to move such first slat to the fully extended position. Succeeding slats will rotate and follow in chain reaction fashion as described with respect to the previously described embodiments. Because the stop shoulders 67 provided on the respective guide members 63 do not come in Contact with the links 66 when the first slat of the series is thus withdrawn, the slats may assume the fully closed orientation shown in FIG. 26.

If it is desired to locate the slats in the partially closed orientation as shown in FIG. 25, the opposite longitudinal edge of the iirst slat of the series is grasped and pulled, as shown schematically in FIG. 7. The other slats rotate and follow in chain reaction fashion until the orientation of FIG. is achieved. In this regard, when the rst slat of a series is thus actuated, the respective links 60 contact the associated stop shoulders 67 provided on the respective angular guide members 63 associated therewith to positively limit the degree of rotation of successive slats about their vertical axes and to thereby automatically position all the slats in the predetermined partially closed angular orientation shown in FIG. 25. Depending upon the location of the stop shoulder 67, any predetermined angular orientation desired may be obtained. In the embodiment illustrated herein, an orientation of approximately 45 relative to the transverse window axis is obtained, as seen in FIG. 25.

Fourth embodiment-FIGS. 2733 A fourth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 27 through 33. This embodiment is also a three orientation embodiment as seen from FIGS. 27, 32 and 33 respectively. The positioning means of this embodiment comprises a series of linkages each of which includes a single link 76 interposed between each pair of adjacent slats and secured therebetween by mounting structures. Each link 76 at a lower end thereof is secured to a slat by means of a headed pivot pin 77 extending through a slat opening 78. A short slot 79 is provided adjacent the link lower end through which pin 77 also extends. The shortslot 79 permits relative pivotal and limited longitudinal movement between link 76 and the pin 7S.

At its upper end link 76 is secured to the other slat of the pair of slats between which it is interposed by mounting structure defined by an angular guide member 81, which in the embodiment illustrated comprises a one piece plastic button having disposed centrally thereof a resilient headed projecting pin 82 which extends through an aperture 83 provided threfor in the slat. Preferably the aperture 83 is polygonal in cross-section and the pin 82 is correspondingly contoured with a polygonal neck to preclude rotation ofthe button relative to the slat.

The angular guide member 81 has another resilient headed pin 84 (FIG. 28) projecting therefrom in an opposite direction in line with the pin 82 just mentioned. Pin 84 is received through an elongated slot 86 provided adjacent the upper end of link 76. Thus, substantial relative longitudinal movement is permitted between the link and its latter mentioned associated slat, limited only by the longitudinal extent of the slot 86.

It should be noted that at each of its lower and upper ends, 87 and 88 respectively, link 76 is provided with a curved portion which extends at approximately a 45 angle relative to the plane of the intermediate portion of the link. Similarly the angular guide member 81 is provided with an angled guide surface 89 which extends generally at 45 relative to the plane of the slat associated therewith (FIG. 27).

When the slat series is traversed from the retracted position shown in FIGS. and 3l to the extended position in which the slats are in the predetermined partially closed orientation shown in FIG. 32, the angled upper end 88 of link 76 is compatably engaged with the angled guide surface 89 and the adjacent portion of guide member 81 to thereby locate the link in the preselected orientation determined by the angle of guide surface 89 relative to the plane of its associated slat. This orientation of each link automatically Orients each slat connected with the lower end of such link. As seen in FIG. 29, along one longitudinal edge of the link an upturned lip 90 is formed which permits link 76 to ride over the guide surface 89 of the guide member 81 without binding thereon.

When the slat series of this fourth embodiment is oriented in the fully closed orientation, as shown in FIG. 33, it will be noted that the bent portion at the link upper end 88 is generally free of engagement with the angular guide surface 89 of the guide member 81 so that the respective slats may be located in the fully closed overlapping orientation shown.

Finally, if it is desired to locate the respective slats in the fully opened orientation, as with embodiments earlier described, it is merely necessary to maintain the first slat of the series generally normal to the transverse axis oi the window opening as the slats are Withdrawn. This results in the mounting pins 78 and 84 riding in their associated slots 79 and 86 provided at opposite ends of each link to permit movement of the slats to the fully opened orientation shown in FIGS. 27 and 28. In this regard, the upper end 88 of each slat, as perhaps best seen in FIG. 28, is also provided with a right angled bent marginal shoulder 92 which engages with the upper edge of the angular guide member 81 to positively limit longitudinal movement between each link and the pin 84 of its associated angular guide member when the slats are moved to the fully opened orientation shown in FIG. 28.

Fifi/z embodiment- FIGS 34-42 A fifth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 34 through 42. While this embodiment includes the important structural and functional characteristics of the embodiments previously described, this embodiment differs from those described previously in that the slats of the blind closure structure are specially contoured for particular cooperable engagement with the positioning means to impart the preselected orientation to the slats when the slat series is moved to the extended position. That is, the slats of this embodiment are provided with a particular contour and the linkage structures of the positioning means interposed between adjacent slats are specifically designed to directly utilize the special slat contour in positioning the slats in a preselected orientation when in the extended position.

As best seen in FIGS. 34 and 36, each slat of the series is of generally flattened S-shaped contour in horizontal cross-section, and includes oppositely directed lips 92 and 93 running longitudinally along marginal edges for the full length thereof. As with the prior disclosed embodiments, this embodiment is actuated by grasping one or the other of the longitudinal edges of the first slat 1' of the series to move the same from the retracted position shown in FIG. 34 toward one of the extended positions shown in FIGS. 36 and 37.

The positioning means of this embodiment is devised to effect orientation of the slats in one of two predeter mined orientations, namely the fully closed orientation shown in FIGS. 37 and 39 (in which the planes of the slats are located generally parallel to each other with the edges of adjacent slats overlapped), and the partially closed orientation shown in FIGS. 36 and 38 (in which the slats are located with their planes extending generally parallel to each other at an angle of approximately 45 relative to the plane of the transverse axis along which the slats are traversable, but with the edges of adjacent slats not overlapped).

The positioning means of this embodiment comprises a series of linkages inteposed between adjacent slats. Each linkage includes a single generally rigid elongated link 96 which, as best seen in the enlarged view of FIG. 40, cornprises a body of liattened S-shaped contour which corresponds generally to the cross-sectional contour of the slats.

Each link body is operatively connected at its opposite ends 97 and 98 with the adjacent slats between which it is positioned by mounting structures of the positioning means in the form of headed buttons 99. Each button 99 extends through a generally circular aperture 101 provided generally centrally of each slat in line with its longitudinal axis. As noted in FIGS. 35, 38 and 39, each slat, except the first slat 1 at either end of the series, is provided with two vertically spaced apertures 101 in each of which a mounting button 99 is positioned to permit all pairs of adjacent slats of the series to be movably interconnected by the respective links 96 of the positioning means.

Each mounting button comprises an enlarged generally circular head 102, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the apertures 101. A shank 103 defined by spaced neck portions projects from head 102 through an associated aperture 101. Shank 103 terminates in spaced shoulders 104 which are spaced from each other a distance greater than the diameter of the aperture 101. As seen in FIGS. 41 and 42, a connecting web 106 extends between the shoulders 104 and imparts strength and rigidity to the shank. Shoulders 104 are convergingly tapered away from head 102 to facilitate insertion of the shank of the button through a receiving aperture.

Each button preferably is made from a sturdy resilient material, such as a suitable plastic, which permits the button to be snap engaged through an aperture 101 with its shoulders 104 lying on one side of a slot and its head 102 lying on the other side thereof. It should be noted that each button is freely rotatable in an associated opening because the maximum dimension of the shank is slightly less than the diameter of the aperture.

It has been found that polyvinyl chloride is a very effective material for use in forming the buttons 99 and the links 96. Also, the slats may be suitably formed from such a plastic. However, it should he understood that the material from which the respective components of the embodiment disclosed are made may be selected to meet particular requirements and purposes, and metal components may be utilized if preferred.

As best seen in FIGS. 40 and 41, the shank 103 has a hollow opening, designated 107, extending therethrough for reception therein of an end portion of an associated link.

The opposite end portions of the link are generally identical in construction, but are oppositely oriented as noted in FIG. 40. Thus, only one end portion of a link will be described. Corresponding reference numerals have been used to designate similar elements on the opposite end portion also. Each link preferably is formed in one piece, by an extrusion or other suitable manufacturing operation. Structure is provided at each link end to permit the link to be removably connected with an associated button in slidable relationship thereto. To this end, each link is formed at each of its ends with a bendable connecting arm 109 which extends generally parallel to the main body of the link in conformance with the contour thereof. Each connecting arm is bendably connected with the link body by a shoulder portion 110 and terminates in a reversely directed hook-shaped locking end 111 which overlies the free end 112 of the link body.

To permit insertion of the end portion 97 or 98 through the hollow shank of a mounting button, end 112 of the body may 'be temporarily disengaged from the connecting arm to permit the link to be engaged with the button. Thereafter, separation of the link from the button is precluded by the overlying interengagement of the locking end 111 of the connecting arm 109 with end 112 of the link body.

To prevent any undesirable interference between the web 106 of a mounting button and the slotted portion of the link defined by the arm 109, a spacer projection 113 is provided on each leg 109 to maintain such leg spaced from the end portion of the Ibody of the link. Thus, the elongated slot 115 provided at each end of the link in 18 which the web 106 of a mounting button is slidable is maintained open by the projection 113.

It should be apparent that the adjacent slats may move toward and away from each other within predetermined limits during traverse movement of the slat series from the retracted position shown in FIG. 34 to either of the extended positions shown in FIG. 36 or 37. When in the retracted position, the linkages described permit close positioning of the slats in a compact pack in the manner highly desirable for a closure structure of this type so that the window or door or other opening in which the structure is mounted may remain substantially unobstructed when the slats are not extended.

Upon the first slat 1 of the series being grasped and pulled by the longitudinal edge appearing at the top of FIG. 34, the positioning means defined by the respective links 96 and mounting buttons 99 insures that all slats of the series are automatically and sequentially positioned in the fully closed orientation shown in FIGS. 37 and 39. Conversely, upon grasping and pulling on the longitudinal edge of the first slat of the series which lies at the bottom of FIG. 34, the slats will be automatically and sequentially positioned in the partially closed orientation shown in FIGS. 36 and 38.

To facilitate traverse movement of the slats from the extended position back toward the retracted position, the respective links are connected with adjacent slats at different vertical locations. That is, as best seen in FIGS. 38 and 39, one end of each link is connected `with one slat at a level vertically spaced above the level at which its opposite end is connected to the adjacent slat. Thus, sliding movement between the links and their respective mounting buttons is facilitated when it is desired to traverse the slats between the retracted and extended posisitions. However, to assist the slats in resisting undesired traverse movement of individual slats relative to other slats of the series, structure is provided in conjunction with the positioning means to facilitate maintaining the slats in the extended position. To this end, the links are provided with detents which are engageable with the respective mounting buttons when the slats are in the extended position.

As best seen in FIG. 42, the detent structure provided comprises a smoothly rounded shallow depression 116 along each of the upper and lower edges of the connecting arrn 109 and the opposed end portions 97 and 88 of the link body. Thus, as seen in FIGS. 39 and 42, when the slats and the links therebetween are fully extended, each end of each link will, due to the forces of gravity, move slightly downwardly to engage a depression defined by the detent structure with one of the shanks 103 of an associated mounting button. Such detent interengagement releasably retains a link temporarily in its fully extended position. However, such detent interengagement between the respective links and their associated slats does not interfere with smooth operation of the blind structure when the'slats are traversed from the extended position toward the retracted position.

As with prior embodiments of this invention disclosed herein, so long as the slats remain in the extended position, the predetermined orientation imparted thereto iS positively maintained by the positioning means. Such orientation is insured and maintained by the direct cooperative engagement between the links and preselected portions of the contoured slats. For example, when the slats are in the extended fully closed orientation shown in FIGS. 37 and 39, the central curved portions of the respective links lie in close relationship with the respective curved portions of adjacent slats thereby permitting the slats to extend in generally serpentine fashion with their edges overlapped. However, when the slats are in the partially closed orientation shown in FIGS. 36 and 38, the respective end portions of each link are engaged with the generally flat central area of each slat. Thus, because of the curved contour of the respective links, the slats are positively prevented from coming into edge overlapped relationship.

It should be understood that the degree of closure of the slat series when in the partially closed orientation may be varied by altering the contour of the link bodies relative to the configuration of the slats.

It should also be understood that this embodiment functions in the same general fashion described with respect to the prior disclosed embodiments. That is, the positioning means defined by the links and mounting lbuttons of this embodiment cooperate with the respect-ive slats to automatically orient the slats in step-by-step chain fashion in either of the orientations permitted by the linkage construction. Upon one or the other longitudinal edges of the first slat of the series being pulled, the respective linkages are sequentially actuated to automatically locate each successive slat in the preselected orientation determined in accordance with the initial orientation imparted to the first slat of the series.

From the foregoing five embodiments illustrated and described, it should become apparent that substantial modifications in the construction and appearance of the positioning means employed with a slatted closure structure embodying this invention may be devised. However, all such positioning means chosen and employed should be capable of producing the same novel traverse function described herein, and of performing in the same novel` traverse operations disclosed herein, to automatically locate all slats of a series in a predetermined angular orientation, which orientation is selected while the slats are in the retracted position and which is determined in accordance with the angular orientation imparted to the first slat of the series when traverse movement thereof is initiated. It should also be understood that the positioning means chosen should be capable of performing the important function of restricting alteration of the angular orientation of the slat series so long as the slat series is retained in the extended position. This important function is accomplished by the respective link structures of the positioning means cooperating with each other and with their associated slats in the manner described to preclude pivotal movement of individual slats except in traverse sequence while the slats are moving between the retracted and extended positions.

While this invention has been disclosed herein with particular reference to traverse type vertical Venetian blinds, in conjunction with which the invention has particular utility and adaptability, it should be understood that the novel features disclosed herein may be utilized in other slatted structures, in which the slats or panels extend other than vertically, without departing from the basic novel concepts hereof.

Having thus made a full disclosure of this invention and severaly of the numerous embodiments of the novel slatted closure constructions in which it may be formed, of which vertical Venetian blind type structures are exemplary but not restricting, reference is directed to the appended claims for the scope to be afforded thereto.

I claim:

1. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind to be mounted in a window or like opening, comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats traversable between a retracted position and an extended position in said opening, the slats of said series being actuatable in sequence in response to traverse movement of the first slat of said series, the angular orientation of said slots when in said extended position being determined by the manner in which said first slat of said series is actuated and the angular orientation imparted to said first slat when traverse movement thereof is begun, said Venetian blind including positioning means interposed between and interconnecting said slats to effect movement thereof in sequential angular conformity as said slats are traversed from said retracted position toward said extended position, said positioning means including structure which maintains said slats in the angular orientation imparted thereto during traverse movement thereof and precludes other orientations thereof so long as said slats remain in said extended position.

2. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats which are traversable between retracted and extended positions in a window or like opening, said slats being locatable in only a limited number'of predetermined angular orientations relative to the transverse axis of said opening when said slats are in the extended position, and positioning means interposed between and operatively interconnecting said slats to effect sequential movement thereof individually in response to actuation of the first slat of said series as said series is traversed from said retracted position toward said extended position, the angular orientation of said slats when in said extended position being preselected in accordance with the angular orientation imparted to said first slat during traverse movement thereof, said positioning means responding in sequence to said angular orientation of said first slat and effecting a corresponding angular orientation in the successive slats of said series in direct sequential response to movement of said first slat, said angular orientation imparted to said slats of said series being positively maintained by said positioning means between adjacent slats while said slats of said series remain in said extended position.

3. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats, means for supporting said slats for traverse movement between retracted and extended positions, said supporting means permitting rotation of said slats about their respective vertical axes during such traverse movement, and positioning means interconnecting said slats for sequential movement as said slat series is traversed from said retracted position to said extended position; said positioning means including a linkage structure `interposed between and operatively interconnecting adjacent slats of said series, said linkage structures actuating said slats of said series in sequence during traverse movement in direct sequential response to actuation of the first slat of said series toward said extended position, said slats being positively locatable in a preselected one of a limited number of predetermined angular orientations by said linkage structures when in said extended position and being positively maintainable in said one orientation so that other orientations of said slats are precluded while said blind remains extended, said one preselected angular orientation being determined by said positioning means in accordance with the manner in which said first slat of said series is actuated and oriented when traverse movement thereof toward said extended position is commenced.

4. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats, the slats of said series being locatable in a preselected one of a limited number of predetermined angular orientations, said preselected angular orientation being determined in accordance with the orientation of the first slat of said series during traverse movement of said slats from a retracted position to an extended position, means for supporting said slats for movement between said retracted and extended positions, said supporting means permitting rotation of said slats about their respective vertical axes during such traverse movement, and positioning means inter. connecting said slats for sequential movement as said slats are traversed from said retracted position toward said extended position; said positioning means including collapsible linkages interposed between adjacent slats of said series, said linkages sequentially locating and maintaining said slats in the angular orientation preselected therefor in accordance with orientation of said first slat of said series, said linkages being directly responsive in sequence to actuation of said first slat of said series to thereby move and orient the respective slats of said series in sequence, said preselected angular orientation of said slats being changeable only by traversing said slats back to said retracted position to collapse said linkages so that a different angular orientation may thereafter be selected for said first slat.

5. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically `arranged blind slats, means for supporting said slats for traverse movement between retracted and extended positions, said supporting means permitting rotation of said slats about their respective vertical axes during such traverse movement, and positioning means interconnecting'said slats for sequential movement as said slats are traversed toward said extended position by actuating ythe first slat of said series, said positioning means locating and maintaining said slats in a preselected one of a limited number of predetermined angular orientations when said slat series is so extended; said positioning means comprising a linkage interposed between and movable relative to each pair of adjacent slats of said series, and mounting structure connecting each such linkage with the slats of each such pair of adjacent slats, each said mounting structure being cooperable with its associated linkage to positively establish the angular relationship between such link-age and an associated pair of slats in accordance with the manner in which said first slat of said series is actuated during traverse movement toward said extended position, the preselected angular orientation of all slats of said series when said series is extended being determined in accordance with angular restrictions placed on the respective linkages of said positioning means during traverse movement, said preselected angular orientation of said slats being changeable only by traversing said slats toward the retracted position to thereby move said linkages relative to their associated slats so that a different angular orientation thereafter may be selected for and impa-rted to said first slat.

6. A vertical Venetian blind to be mounted in a window or like opening for traverse movement thereacross along a transverse axis thereof, said blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats, means fior supporting said slats in said opening for traverse movement along said transverse axis between retracted and extended positions, said slats when in said retracted position extending generally normal to said transverse axis, said supporting means permitting rotation of said slats about their respective vertical axes during such traverse movement so that the angular orientation of said slats relative to said transverse axis may be established during traverse movement, and positioning means interconnecting said slats, said positioning means including linkage structures interposed between adjacent slats of said series, each of said structures positively actuating a slat associated therewith in sequence during traverse movement in response to actuation of the first slat of said series toward said extended position, said slats being located by said linkage structures in sequence in a preselected angular orientation relative to said transverse axis which is determined by the angular orientation of said first slat of said series during traverse movement toward said extended position, said positioning means maintaining said slats in said preselected angular orientation so long as said slats are in said extended position, said preselected angular orientation being changeable only by returning said slats to a retracted position and thereafter reorienti-ng said rst slat.

7, A vertical Venetian blind to be mounted in a window or like opening for traverse movement thereacross along a transverse axis thereof, said blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats supportable for traverse movement along said transverse axis between retracted and extended positions, said slats when in said extended position being locatable in only -a limited number of angular orientations relative to said transverse axis, and positioning means interconnecting said slats comprising a series of linkages and mountng structures for said linkages operatively secu-ring the same between adjacent slats of said series, said positioning means actuating said slats in sequence during traverse movement thereof and locating said slats in sequence in a preselected one of said angular orientations in accordance with a preselected manner of actuation of said positioning means during traverse movement, said linkages and mounting structures of said positioning means cooperating with the respective slats associated therewith for positively maintaining said slats in said preselected angular orientation so long as said slats are in said extended position, said preselected angular orientation of said slats being changeable only by traversing said slats toward the retracted position to thereby move said linkages relative to their associated slats so that a different angular orientation thereafter may be selected fo-r and imparted to said first slat.

8. The Venetian blind of claim 7 in which said predetermined angular orientations are two yin number, namely, a first fully closed orientation in which said slats extend generally parallel to said transverse axis, and a second partially closed orientation in which said slats extend at a predetermined acute angle relative to said transverse axis, said linkages being operable in sequencein only two direct-ions relative to said axis thereby insuring orientation of all slats of said series in one of said two orientations in response to actuation thereof by said first slat.

9. The Venetian blind of claim 7 in which said predetermined angular orientations are three in number, namely, a first fully closed orientation in which sad slats extend generally parallel to said transverse axis, a second partially closed orientation in which said slats extend at a predetermined acute angle relative to said transverse axis, and a third fully opened orientation in which said slats extend generally normal to said -transverse axis, said linkages being operable in sequence in only three directions relative to said axis thereby insuring orientation of all slats of said series in one of said three orientations in response to actuation thereof by said first slat.

1i). A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats which are traversable between retracted and extended positions in a window or like opening, said slats being locatable in only a limited number of predetermined angular orientations relative to the transverse axis of said opening when said slats are in the extended position, and positioning means interconnecting said slats for sequential movement in response to actuation of the iirst slat of said series as said series is traversed from said retracted position toward said extended position; said positioning means comprsing a linkage interposed between, operatively interconnecting, and movable relative to each pair of adjacent slats of said series to effect sequential movement thereof individually in response to movement of the first slat of said series, and mounting structure connecting each such linkage with the slats of an associated pair of slats; each said mounting structure and its associated linkage being cooperable with their associated slats to positively establish and maintain the angular relationship between and orientation of such slats when said slat series is extended, the angular orientation of said slats of said series when in said extended position being preselected in accordance with the angular orientation imparted to said first slat of said series during traverse movement thereof; said positioning means responding sequentially to said angular orientation of said first slat and effecting and maintaining a corresponding angular orientation in the successive slats of said series in response to movement of said first slat.

11. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats, means for supporting said slats for traverse movement between retracted and extended positions, said supporting means permitting rotation of said slats about their respective vertical axes during such traverse movement, and positioning means interconnecting said slats for sequential movement as said slat series is traversed from said retracted position to said extended position; said positioning means actuating said slats of said series in sequence during traverse movement in response to actuation of the first slat of said series toward said extended position, said slats being locatable in a preselected one of a limited number of predetermined angularr orientations when in said extended position, said one preselected angular orientation being determined by said positioning means in accordance with the manner in which said first slat of said series is actuated and oriented when traverse movement thereof toward said extended position is commenced; said positioning means comprising link structure interposed between each pair of adjacent slats of said series; each said link structure including at least one link member and a mounting member, said mounting member being cooperable with said link member and the pair of slats associated therewith to positively establish the angular orientation of said link member relative to such slats; the angular orientation of said slats of said series being determined in accordance with angular restrictions sequentially placed on the respective link members of said positioning means in response to movement of said rst slat of said series toward said extended position.

12. A vertical Venetian blind to be mounted in a window or like opening for traverse movement thereacross along a transverse axis thereof, said blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats, means for supporting said slats in said opening for traverse movement along said transverse axis between retracted and extended positions, said slats when in said retracted position extending generally normal to said transverse axis; said supporting means permitting rotation of said slats about their respective vertical axes during such traverse movement so that the angular orientation of said slats relative to said transverse axis may be established during traverse movement; and positioning means interconnecting said slats, said positioning means actuating said slats in sequence during traverse movement in response to actuation of the rst slat of said series toward said extended position, said slats being located by said positioning means in a preselected angular orientation relative to said transverse axis which is determined by the angular orientation of said first slat of said series during traverse movement thereof toward said extended position, said positioning means maintaining said slats in said preselected angular orientation so long as said slats are in said extended position, said preselected angular orientation being changeable only by returning said slats to a retracted position and thereafter reorienting said rst slat; said positioning ymeans comprising a series of linkages interposed between respective pairs of adjacent slats of said series, and mounting structures connecting the respective linkages with their associated slats, the respective mounting structures and linkages being cooperable with each other and with the respective pairs of slats of said series to establish and maintain said preselected angular orientation of said slats relative to said transverse axis by determining the angular relationship of said linkages relative to their associated slats in accordance with angular restrictions sequentially placed on the respective linkages in response to movement of said first slat of said series toward said extended position.

13. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind to be mounted in a window or like opening, comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats traversable between a retracted position and an extended position in said opening, and means interposed between the respective slats of said series which permits angular orientation of said slats in only a predetermined number of preselected orientations relative to said opening; said means permitting and effecting individual angular orientation of the slats of said series in sequence during traverse movement thereof in response to movement of the first slat of said series; the angular orientation preselected for said slats when in said extended position being determined by said means in conjunction with the manner in which said rst slat of said series is actuated and the angular orientation imparted to said first slat when traverse movement thereof is begun, said preselected angular orientation imparted to said slats when in said extended position being maintained by said means and other orientations of said slats being precluded by said means so long as said slats remain in said extended position.

14. A traverse type vertical Venetian blind comprising a series of vertically arranged blind slats, means mounting said slats for traverse movement, and positioning means operatively interconnecting said series of slats for step-by-step traverse movement and automatic positioning in a preselected angular orientation in response to movement of the first slat of said series; said positioning means comprising a series of linkage structures interposed between the pairs of adjacent slats of said series, and mounting structures connecting each of said linkage structures with its associated slats, said mounting structures permitting movement of said linkage structures relative thereto so that adjacent slats of said series may move relative to each other during traverse movement to permit automatic location thereof by said connecting means in said preselected angular orientation, said mounting structures and linkage structures being cooperable with their associated slats when such slats are in the extended position to determine the angular orientation of said slats and to positively preclude rotation of such slats individually or in unison while the same are in said extended position, whereby said slats of said series may be positively maintained in the angular orientation preselected therefor so long as said slats remain in said ex tended position.

15. The blind of claim 13 in which said means interposed between the slats of said series comprises a series of linkages interposed between respective pairs of adjacent slats of said series of slats, each said linkage comprising at least one generally rigid link member slidably movable relative to at least one slat of the pair of slats between which such link is interposed, and mounting structure operatively and pivotally interconnecting each such link member with its associated pair of slats, said mounting structure including angular guide structure in conjunction therewith which restricts the angular orientation of said link member relative to the planes of the pair of slats between which such link is interposed.

16. The blind of claim 15 in which said angular guide structure comprises a slotted tab projecting from each slatof said series of slats, the tabs of the respective pairs of adjacent slats extending generally toward each other, each link member being pivotally and slidably interconnected with its associated pair of slats by a pair of such tabs.

17. The blind of claim 16 in which each said linkage comprises a pair of said link members pivotally connected with each other in scissors fashion, one of such link members being engaged with the tab of one slat of an associated pair of slats between which said link members are interposed, and the other of such link members being connected with the other of such slats.

18. The blind of claim 15 in which said angular guide structure comprises a guide member secured to one slat of an associated pair of slats between which said link member is interposed, said guide member including a guide surface thereon which extends at a predetermined angle relative to the plane of such one slat, said link member being connected at one of its ends with said guide member for pivotal and longitudinal sliding movement relative to the guide surface thereof, said link member at its other end being connected with the other slat of such associated pair of slats for at least pivotal movement relative thereto.

19. The blind of claim 18 in which said link member is longitudinally slotted and longitudinally twisted at a predetermined angle corresponding generally with the angle at which said guide surface of said guide member extends relative to the plane of its associated slat.

20. The blind of claim 15 in which said angular guide 

